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+/* This file is part of the KDE libraries
+ Copyright (C) 1997 Christian Czezakte (e9025461@student.tuwien.ac.at)
+
+ This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
+ License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+ This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ Library General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public License
+ along with this library; see the file COPYING.LIB. If not, write to
+ the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
+ Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
+*/
+//
+// KPROCESS -- A class for handling child processes in KDE without
+// having to take care of Un*x specific implementation details
+//
+// version 0.3.1, Jan 8th 1998
+//
+// (C) Christian Czezatke
+// e9025461@student.tuwien.ac.at
+// Ported by Holger Freyther
+//
+
+#ifndef __kprocess_h__
+#define __kprocess_h__
+
+#include <sys/types.h> // for pid_t
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <qvaluelist.h>
+#include <qcstring.h>
+#include <qobject.h>
+
+class QSocketNotifier;
+class OProcessPrivate;
+
+/**
+ * Child process invocation, monitoring and control.
+ *
+ * @sect General usage and features
+ *
+ *This class allows a KDE application to start child processes without having
+ *to worry about UN*X signal handling issues and zombie process reaping.
+ *
+ *@see KProcIO
+ *
+ *Basically, this class distinguishes three different ways of running
+ *child processes:
+ *
+ *@li OProcess::DontCare -- The child process is invoked and both the child
+ *process and the parent process continue concurrently.
+ *
+ *Starting a DontCare child process means that the application is
+ *not interested in any notification to determine whether the
+ *child process has already exited or not.
+ *
+ *@li OProcess::NotifyOnExit -- The child process is invoked and both the
+ *child and the parent process run concurrently.
+ *
+ *When the child process exits, the OProcess instance
+ *corresponding to it emits the Qt signal @ref processExited().
+ *
+ *Since this signal is @em not emitted from within a UN*X
+ *signal handler, arbitrary function calls can be made.
+ *
+ *Be aware: When the OProcess objects gets destructed, the child
+ *process will be killed if it is still running!
+ *This means in particular, that you cannot use a OProcess on the stack
+ *with OProcess::NotifyOnExit.
+ *
+ *@li OProcess::Block -- The child process starts and the parent process
+ *is suspended until the child process exits. (@em Really not recommended
+ *for programs with a GUI.)
+ *
+ *OProcess also provides several functions for determining the exit status
+ *and the pid of the child process it represents.
+ *
+ *Furthermore it is possible to supply command-line arguments to the process
+ *in a clean fashion (no null -- terminated stringlists and such...)
+ *
+ *A small usage example:
+ *<pre>
+ *OProcess *proc = new OProcess;
+ *
+ **proc << "my_executable";
+ **proc << "These" << "are" << "the" << "command" << "line" << "args";
+ *QApplication::connect(proc, SIGNAL(processExited(OProcess *)),
+ * pointer_to_my_object, SLOT(my_objects_slot(OProcess *)));
+ *proc->start();
+ *</pre>
+ *
+ *This will start "my_executable" with the commandline arguments "These"...
+ *
+ *When the child process exits, the respective Qt signal will be emitted.
+ *
+ *@sect Communication with the child process
+ *
+ *OProcess supports communication with the child process through
+ *stdin/stdout/stderr.
+ *
+ *The following functions are provided for getting data from the child
+ *process or sending data to the child's stdin (For more information,
+ *have a look at the documentation of each function):
+ *
+ *@li bool @ref writeStdin(char *buffer, int buflen);
+ *@li -- Transmit data to the child process's stdin.
+ *
+ *@li bool @ref closeStdin();
+ *@li -- Closes the child process's stdin (which causes it to see an feof(stdin)).
+ *Returns false if you try to close stdin for a process that has been started
+ *without a communication channel to stdin.
+ *
+ *@li bool @ref closeStdout();
+ *@li -- Closes the child process's stdout.
+ *Returns false if you try to close stdout for a process that has been started
+ *without a communication channel to stdout.
+ *
+ *@li bool @ref closeStderr();
+ *@li -- Closes the child process's stderr.
+ *Returns false if you try to close stderr for a process that has been started
+ *without a communication channel to stderr.
+ *
+ *
+ *@sect QT signals:
+ *
+ *@li void @ref receivedStdout(OProcess *proc, char *buffer, int buflen);
+ *@li void @ref receivedStderr(OProcess *proc, char *buffer, int buflen);
+ *@li -- Indicates that new data has arrived from either the
+ *child process's stdout or stderr.
+ *
+ *@li void @ref wroteStdin(OProcess *proc);
+ *@li -- Indicates that all data that has been sent to the child process
+ *by a prior call to @ref writeStdin() has actually been transmitted to the
+ *client .
+ *
+ *@author Christian Czezakte e9025461@student.tuwien.ac.at
+ *
+ *
+ **/
+class OProcess : public QObject
+{
+ Q_OBJECT
+
+public:
+
+ /**
+ * Modes in which the communication channel can be opened.
+ *
+ * If communication for more than one channel is required,
+ * the values have to be or'ed together, for example to get
+ * communication with stdout as well as with stdin, you would
+ * specify @p Stdin @p | @p Stdout
+ *
+ * If @p NoRead is specified in conjunction with @p Stdout,
+ * no data is actually read from @p Stdout but only
+ * the signal @ref childOutput(int fd) is emitted.
+ */
+ enum Communication { NoCommunication = 0, Stdin = 1, Stdout = 2, Stderr = 4,
+ AllOutput = 6, All = 7,
+ NoRead };
+
+ /**
+ * Run-modes for a child process.
+ */
+ enum RunMode {
+ /**
+ * The application does not receive notifications from the subprocess when
+ * it is finished or aborted.
+ */
+ DontCare,
+ /**
+ * The application is notified when the subprocess dies.
+ */
+ NotifyOnExit,
+ /**
+ * The application is suspended until the started process is finished.
+ */
+ Block };
+
+ /**
+ * Constructor
+ */
+ OProcess();
+
+ /**
+ *Destructor:
+ *
+ * If the process is running when the destructor for this class
+ * is called, the child process is killed with a SIGKILL, but
+ * only if the run mode is not of type @p DontCare.
+ * Processes started as @p DontCare keep running anyway.
+ */
+ virtual ~OProcess();
+
+ /**
+ @deprecated
+
+ The use of this function is now deprecated. -- Please use the
+ "operator<<" instead of "setExecutable".
+
+ Sets the executable to be started with this OProcess object.
+ Returns false if the process is currently running (in that
+ case the executable remains unchanged.)
+
+ @see operator<<
+
+ */
+ bool setExecutable(const QString& proc);
+
+
+ /**
+ * Sets the executable and the command line argument list for this process.
+ *
+ * For example, doing an "ls -l /usr/local/bin" can be achieved by:
+ * <pre>
+ * OProcess p;
+ * ...
+ * p << "ls" << "-l" << "/usr/local/bin"
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ **/
+ OProcess &operator<<(const QString& arg);
+ /**
+ * Similar to previous method, takes a char *, supposed to be in locale 8 bit already.
+ */
+ OProcess &operator<<(const char * arg);
+ /**
+ * Similar to previous method, takes a QCString, supposed to be in locale 8 bit already.
+ */
+ OProcess &operator<<(const QCString & arg);
+
+ /**
+ * Sets the executable and the command line argument list for this process,
+ * in a single method call, or add a list of arguments.
+ **/
+ OProcess &operator<<(const QStringList& args);
+
+ /**
+ * Clear a command line argument list that has been set by using
+ * the "operator<<".
+ */
+ void clearArguments();
+
+ /**
+ * Starts the process.
+ * For a detailed description of the
+ * various run modes and communication semantics, have a look at the
+ * general description of the OProcess class.
+ *
+ * The following problems could cause this function to
+ * return false:
+ *
+ * @li The process is already running.
+ * @li The command line argument list is empty.
+ * @li The starting of the process failed (could not fork).
+ * @li The executable was not found.
+ *
+ * @param comm Specifies which communication links should be
+ * established to the child process (stdin/stdout/stderr). By default,
+ * no communication takes place and the respective communication
+ * signals will never get emitted.
+ *
+ * @return true on success, false on error
+ * (see above for error conditions)
+ **/
+ virtual bool start(RunMode runmode = NotifyOnExit,
+ Communication comm = NoCommunication);
+
+ /**
+ * Stop the process (by sending it a signal).
+ *
+ * @param signo The signal to send. The default is SIGTERM.
+ * @return @p true if the signal was delivered successfully.
+ */
+ virtual bool kill(int signo = SIGTERM);
+
+ /**
+ @return @p true if the process is (still) considered to be running
+ */
+ bool isRunning() const;
+
+ /** Returns the process id of the process.
+ *
+ * If it is called after
+ * the process has exited, it returns the process id of the last
+ * child process that was created by this instance of OProcess.
+ *
+ * Calling it before any child process has been started by this
+ * OProcess instance causes pid() to return 0.
+ **/
+ pid_t pid() const;
+
+ /**
+ * Use pid().
+ * @deprecated
+ */
+ pid_t getPid() const { return pid(); }
+
+ /**
+ * Suspend processing of data from stdout of the child process.
+ */
+ void suspend();
+
+ /**
+ * Resume processing of data from stdout of the child process.
+ */
+ void resume();
+
+ /**
+ * @return @p true if the process has already finished and has exited
+ * "voluntarily", ie: it has not been killed by a signal.
+ *
+ * Note that you should check @ref OProcess::exitStatus() to determine
+ * whether the process completed its task successful or not.
+ */
+ bool normalExit() const;
+
+ /**
+ * Returns the exit status of the process.
+ *
+ * Please use
+ * @ref OProcess::normalExit() to check whether the process has exited
+ * cleanly (i.e., @ref OProcess::normalExit() returns @p true) before calling
+ * this function because if the process did not exit normally,
+ * it does not have a valid exit status.
+ */
+ int exitStatus() const;
+
+
+ /**
+ * Transmit data to the child process's stdin.
+ *
+ * OProcess::writeStdin may return false in the following cases:
+ *
+ * @li The process is not currently running.
+ *
+ * @li Communication to stdin has not been requested in the @ref start() call.
+ *
+ * @li Transmission of data to the child process by a previous call to
+ * @ref writeStdin() is still in progress.
+ *
+ * Please note that the data is sent to the client asynchronously,
+ * so when this function returns, the data might not have been
+ * processed by the child process.
+ *
+ * If all the data has been sent to the client, the signal
+ * @ref wroteStdin() will be emitted.
+ *
+ * Please note that you must not free "buffer" or call @ref writeStdin()
+ * again until either a @ref wroteStdin() signal indicates that the
+ * data has been sent or a @ref processHasExited() signal shows that
+ * the child process is no longer alive...
+ **/
+ bool writeStdin(const char *buffer, int buflen);
+
+ /**
+ * This causes the stdin file descriptor of the child process to be
+ * closed indicating an "EOF" to the child.
+ *
+ * @return @p false if no communication to the process's stdin
+ * had been specified in the call to @ref start().
+ */
+ bool closeStdin();
+
+ /**
+ * This causes the stdout file descriptor of the child process to be
+ * closed.
+ *
+ * @return @p false if no communication to the process's stdout
+ * had been specified in the call to @ref start().
+ */
+ bool closeStdout();
+
+ /**
+ * This causes the stderr file descriptor of the child process to be
+ * closed.
+ *
+ * @return @p false if no communication to the process's stderr
+ * had been specified in the call to @ref start().
+ */
+ bool closeStderr();
+
+ /**
+ * Lets you see what your arguments are for debugging.
+ */
+
+ const QValueList<QCString> &args() { return arguments; }
+
+ /**
+ * Controls whether the started process should drop any
+ * setuid/segid privileges or whether it should keep them
+ *
+ * The default is @p false : drop privileges
+ */
+ void setRunPrivileged(bool keepPrivileges);
+
+ /**
+ * Returns whether the started process will drop any
+ * setuid/segid privileges or whether it will keep them
+ */
+ bool runPrivileged() const;
+
+ /**
+ * Modifies the environment of the process to be started.
+ * This function must be called before starting the process.
+ */
+ void setEnvironment(const QString &name, const QString &value);
+
+ /**
+ * Changes the current working directory (CWD) of the process
+ * to be started.
+ * This function must be called before starting the process.
+ */
+ void setWorkingDirectory(const QString &dir);
+
+ /**
+ * Specify whether to start the command via a shell or directly.
+ * The default is to start the command directly.
+ * If @p useShell is true @p shell will be used as shell, or
+ * if shell is empty, the standard shell is used.
+ * @p quote A flag indicating whether to quote the arguments.
+ *
+ * When using a shell, the caller should make sure that all filenames etc.
+ * are properly quoted when passed as argument.
+ * @see quote()
+ */
+ void setUseShell(bool useShell, const char *shell = 0);
+
+ /**
+ * This function can be used to quote an argument string such that
+ * the shell processes it properly. This is e. g. necessary for
+ * user-provided file names which may contain spaces or quotes.
+ * It also prevents expansion of wild cards and environment variables.
+ */
+ static QString quote(const QString &arg);
+
+ /**
+ * Detaches OProcess from child process. All communication is closed.
+ * No exit notification is emitted any more for the child process.
+ * Deleting the OProcess will no longer kill the child process.
+ * Note that the current process remains the parent process of the
+ * child process.
+ */
+ void detach();
+
+
+
+signals:
+
+ /**
+ * Emitted after the process has terminated when
+ * the process was run in the @p NotifyOnExit (==default option to
+ * @ref start()) or the @ref Block mode.
+ **/
+ void processExited(OProcess *proc);
+
+
+ /**
+ * Emitted, when output from the child process has
+ * been received on stdout.
+ *
+ * To actually get
+ * these signals, the respective communication link (stdout/stderr)
+ * has to be turned on in @ref start().
+ *
+ * @param buffer The data received.
+ * @param buflen The number of bytes that are available.
+ *
+ * You should copy the information contained in @p buffer to your private
+ * data structures before returning from this slot.
+ **/
+ void receivedStdout(OProcess *proc, char *buffer, int buflen);
+
+ /**
+ * Emitted when output from the child process has
+ * been received on stdout.
+ *
+ * To actually get these signals, the respective communications link
+ * (stdout/stderr) has to be turned on in @ref start() and the
+ * @p NoRead flag should have been passed.
+ *
+ * You will need to explicitly call resume() after your call to start()
+ * to begin processing data from the child process's stdout. This is
+ * to ensure that this signal is not emitted when no one is connected
+ * to it, otherwise this signal will not be emitted.
+ *
+ * The data still has to be read from file descriptor @p fd.
+ **/
+ void receivedStdout(int fd, int &len);
+
+
+ /**
+ * Emitted, when output from the child process has
+ * been received on stderr.
+ * To actually get
+ * these signals, the respective communication link (stdout/stderr)
+ * has to be turned on in @ref start().
+ *
+ * @param buffer The data received.
+ * @param buflen The number of bytes that are available.
+ *
+ * You should copy the information contained in @p buffer to your private
+ * data structures before returning from this slot.
+ */
+ void receivedStderr(OProcess *proc, char *buffer, int buflen);
+
+ /**
+ * Emitted after all the data that has been
+ * specified by a prior call to @ref writeStdin() has actually been
+ * written to the child process.
+ **/
+ void wroteStdin(OProcess *proc);
+
+
+protected slots:
+
+ /**
+ * This slot gets activated when data from the child's stdout arrives.
+ * It usually calls "childOutput"
+ */
+ void slotChildOutput(int fdno);
+
+ /**
+ * This slot gets activated when data from the child's stderr arrives.
+ * It usually calls "childError"
+ */
+ void slotChildError(int fdno);
+ /*
+ Slot functions for capturing stdout and stderr of the child
+ */
+
+ /**
+ * Called when another bulk of data can be sent to the child's
+ * stdin. If there is no more data to be sent to stdin currently
+ * available, this function must disable the QSocketNotifier "innot".
+ */
+ void slotSendData(int dummy);
+
+protected:
+
+ /**
+ * Sets up the environment according to the data passed via
+ * setEnvironment(...)
+ */
+ void setupEnvironment();
+
+ /**
+ * The list of the process' command line arguments. The first entry
+ * in this list is the executable itself.
+ */
+ QValueList<QCString> arguments;
+ /**
+ * How to run the process (Block, NotifyOnExit, DontCare). You should
+ * not modify this data member directly from derived classes.
+ */
+ RunMode run_mode;
+ /**
+ * true if the process is currently running. You should not
+ * modify this data member directly from derived classes. For
+ * reading the value of this data member, please use "isRunning()"
+ * since "runs" will probably be made private in later versions
+ * of OProcess.
+ */
+ bool runs;
+
+ /**
+ * The PID of the currently running process (see "getPid()").
+ * You should not modify this data member in derived classes.
+ * Please use "getPid()" instead of directly accessing this
+ * member function since it will probably be made private in
+ * later versions of OProcess.
+ */
+ pid_t pid_;
+
+ /**
+ * The process' exit status as returned by "waitpid". You should not
+ * modify the value of this data member from derived classes. You should
+ * rather use @ref exitStatus than accessing this data member directly
+ * since it will probably be made private in further versions of
+ * OProcess.
+ */
+ int status;
+
+
+ /**
+ * See setRunPrivileged()
+ */
+ bool keepPrivs;
+
+ /*
+ Functions for setting up the sockets for communication.
+ setupCommunication
+ -- is called from "start" before "fork"ing.
+ commSetupDoneP
+ -- completes communication socket setup in the parent
+ commSetupDoneC
+ -- completes communication setup in the child process
+ commClose
+ -- frees all allocated communication resources in the parent
+ after the process has exited
+ */
+
+ /**
+ * This function is called from "OProcess::start" right before a "fork" takes
+ * place. According to
+ * the "comm" parameter this function has to initialize the "in", "out" and
+ * "err" data member of OProcess.
+ *
+ * This function should return 0 if setting the needed communication channels
+ * was successful.
+ *
+ * The default implementation is to create UNIX STREAM sockets for the communication,
+ * but you could overload this function and establish a TCP/IP communication for
+ * network communication, for example.
+ */
+ virtual int setupCommunication(Communication comm);
+
+ /**
+ * Called right after a (successful) fork on the parent side. This function
+ * will usually do some communications cleanup, like closing the reading end
+ * of the "stdin" communication channel.
+ *
+ * Furthermore, it must also create the QSocketNotifiers "innot", "outnot" and
+ * "errnot" and connect their Qt slots to the respective OProcess member functions.
+ *
+ * For a more detailed explanation, it is best to have a look at the default
+ * implementation of "setupCommunication" in kprocess.cpp.
+ */
+ virtual int commSetupDoneP();
+
+ /**
+ * Called right after a (successful) fork, but before an "exec" on the child
+ * process' side. It usually just closes the unused communication ends of
+ * "in", "out" and "err" (like the writing end of the "in" communication
+ * channel.
+ */
+ virtual int commSetupDoneC();
+
+
+ /**
+ * Immediately called after a process has exited. This function normally
+ * calls commClose to close all open communication channels to this
+ * process and emits the "processExited" signal (if the process was
+ * not running in the "DontCare" mode).
+ */
+ virtual void processHasExited(int state);
+
+ /**
+ * Should clean up the communication links to the child after it has
+ * exited. Should be called from "processHasExited".
+ */
+ virtual void commClose();
+
+
+ /**
+ * the socket descriptors for stdin/stdout/stderr.
+ */
+ int out[2];
+ int in[2];
+ int err[2];
+
+ /**
+ * The socket notifiers for the above socket descriptors.
+ */
+ QSocketNotifier *innot;
+ QSocketNotifier *outnot;
+ QSocketNotifier *errnot;
+
+ /**
+ * Lists the communication links that are activated for the child
+ * process. Should not be modified from derived classes.
+ */
+ Communication communication;
+
+ /**
+ * Called by "slotChildOutput" this function copies data arriving from the
+ * child process's stdout to the respective buffer and emits the signal
+ * "@ref receivedStderr".
+ */
+ int childOutput(int fdno);
+
+ /**
+ * Called by "slotChildOutput" this function copies data arriving from the
+ * child process's stdout to the respective buffer and emits the signal
+ * "@ref receivedStderr"
+ */
+ int childError(int fdno);
+
+ // information about the data that has to be sent to the child:
+
+ const char *input_data; // the buffer holding the data
+ int input_sent; // # of bytes already transmitted
+ int input_total; // total length of input_data
+
+ /**
+ * @ref OProcessController is a friend of OProcess because it has to have
+ * access to various data members.
+ */
+ friend class OProcessController;
+
+
+private:
+ /**
+ * Searches for a valid shell.
+ * Here is the algorithm used for finding an executable shell:
+ *
+ * @li Try the executable pointed to by the "SHELL" environment
+ * variable with white spaces stripped off
+ *
+ * @li If your process runs with uid != euid or gid != egid, a shell
+ * not listed in /etc/shells will not used.
+ *
+ * @li If no valid shell could be found, "/bin/sh" is used as a last resort.
+ */
+ QCString searchShell();
+
+ /**
+ * Used by @ref searchShell in order to find out whether the shell found
+ * is actually executable at all.
+ */
+ bool isExecutable(const QCString &filename);
+
+ // Disallow assignment and copy-construction
+ OProcess( const OProcess& );
+ OProcess& operator= ( const OProcess& );
+
+protected:
+ virtual void virtual_hook( int id, void* data );
+private:
+ OProcessPrivate *d;
+};
+
+class KShellProcessPrivate;
+
+/**
+* @obsolete
+*
+* This class is obsolete. Use OProcess and OProcess::setUseShell(true)
+* instead.
+*
+* @short A class derived from @ref OProcess to start child
+* processes through a shell.
+* @author Christian Czezakte <e9025461@student.tuwien.ac.at>
+* @version $Id$
+*/
+class KShellProcess: public OProcess
+{
+ Q_OBJECT
+
+public:
+
+ /**
+ * Constructor
+ *
+ * By specifying the name of a shell (like "/bin/bash") you can override
+ * the mechanism for finding a valid shell as described in OProcess::searchShell()
+ */
+ KShellProcess(const char *shellname=0);
+
+ /**
+ * Destructor.
+ */
+ ~KShellProcess();
+
+ /**
+ * Starts up the process. -- For a detailed description
+ * have a look at the "start" member function and the detailed
+ * description of @ref OProcess .
+ */
+ virtual bool start(RunMode runmode = NotifyOnExit,
+ Communication comm = NoCommunication);
+
+ /**
+ * This function can be used to quote an argument string such that
+ * the shell processes it properly. This is e. g. necessary for
+ * user-provided file names which may contain spaces or quotes.
+ * It also prevents expansion of wild cards and environment variables.
+ */
+ static QString quote(const QString &arg);
+
+private:
+
+ QCString shell;
+
+ // Disallow assignment and copy-construction
+ KShellProcess( const KShellProcess& );
+ KShellProcess& operator= ( const KShellProcess& );
+
+protected:
+ virtual void virtual_hook( int id, void* data );
+private:
+ KShellProcessPrivate *d;
+};
+
+
+
+#endif
+