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1<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
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5 <TITLE>GNU General Public License</TITLE>
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14 <BODY CLASS="license">
15<H1>GNU General Public License</H1>
16<P>Version 2, June 1991</P>
17
18<P>Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
1959 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA<BR>
20Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
21of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.</P>
22
23<H2>Preamble</H2>
24
25<P>The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
26freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
27License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
28software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
29General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
30Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
31using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
32the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
33your programs, too.</P>
34
35<P>When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
36price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
37have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
38this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
39if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
40in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.</P>
41
42<P>To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
43anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
44These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
45distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.</P>
46
47<P>For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
48gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
49you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
50source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
51rights.</P>
52
53<P>We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
54(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
55distribute and/or modify the software.</P>
56
57<P>Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
58that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
59software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
60want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
61that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
62authors' reputations.</P>
63
64<P>Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
65patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
66program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
67program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
68patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.</P>
69
70<P>The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
71modification follow.</P>
72
73<H2><A NAME="show-c">GNU General Public License<BR>
74Terms And Conditions For Copying, Distribution And Modification</A></H2>
75
76<P>0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
77a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
78under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
79refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
80means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
81that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
82either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
83language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
84the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".</P>
85
86<P>Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
87covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
88running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
89is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
90Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
91Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.</P>
92
93<P>1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
94source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
95conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
96copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
97notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
98and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
99along with the Program.</P>
100
101<P>You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
102you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.</P>
103
104<P>2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
105of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
106distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
107above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:</P>
108
109<OL STYLE="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
110<LI>
111<P>You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
112stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.</P>
113</LI>
114
115<LI>
116<P>You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
117whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
118part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
119parties under the terms of this License.</P>
120</LI>
121
122<LI>
123<P>If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
124when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
125interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
126announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
127notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
128a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
129these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
130License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
131does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
132the Program is not required to print an announcement.)</P>
133</LI>
134</OL>
135
136<P>These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
137identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
138and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
139themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
140sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
141distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
142on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
143this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
144entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.</P>
145
146<P>Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
147your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
148exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
149collective works based on the Program.</P>
150
151<P>In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
152with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
153a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
154the scope of this License.</P>
155
156<P>3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
157under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
158Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:</P>
159
160<OL STYLE="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
161<LI>
162<P>Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
163source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
1641 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,</P>
165</LI>
166
167<LI>
168<P>Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
169years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
170cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
171machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
172distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
173customarily used for software interchange; or,</P>
174</LI>
175
176<LI>
177<P>Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
178to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
179allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
180received the program in object code or executable form with such
181an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)</P>
182</LI>
183</OL>
184
185<P>The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
186making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
187code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
188associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
189control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
190special exception, the source code distributed need not include
191anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
192form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
193operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
194itself accompanies the executable.</P>
195
196<P>If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
197access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
198access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
199distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
200compelled to copy the source along with the object code.</P>
201
202<P>4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
203except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
204otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
205void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
206However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
207this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
208parties remain in full compliance.</P>
209
210<P>5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
211signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
212distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
213prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
214modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
215Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
216all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
217the Program or works based on it.</P>
218
219<P>6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
220Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
221original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
222these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
223restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
224You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
225this License.</P>
226
227<P>7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
228infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
229conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
230otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
231excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
232distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
233License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
234may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
235license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
236all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
237the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
238refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.</P>
239
240<P>If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
241any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
242apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
243circumstances.</P>
244
245<P>It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
246patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
247such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
248integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
249implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
250generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
251through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
252system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
253to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
254impose that choice.</P>
255
256<P>This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
257be a consequence of the rest of this License.</P>
258
259<P>8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
260certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
261original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
262may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
263those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
264countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
265the limitation as if written in the body of this License.</P>
266
267<P>9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
268of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
269be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
270address new problems or concerns.</P>
271
272<P>Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
273specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
274later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
275either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
276Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
277this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
278Foundation.</P>
279
280<P>10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
281programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
282to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
283Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
284make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
285of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
286of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.</P>
287
288<H2><A NAME="show-w">No Warranty</A></H2>
289
290<P>11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
291FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
292OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
293PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
294OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
295MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
296TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
297PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
298REPAIR OR CORRECTION.</P>
299
300<P>12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
301WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
302REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
303INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
304OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
305TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
306YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
307PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
308POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.</P>
309
310<DIV STYLE="text-align: center;">END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS</DIV>
311
312<hr>
313
314<h2>How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs</h2>
315
316<p>If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
317possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
318free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
319terms.</p>
320
321
322<p>To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is
323safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most
324effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should
325have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full
326notice is found.</p>
327
328
329<pre> &lt;one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.&gt;
330 Copyright (C) 19yy &lt;name of author&gt;
331
332 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
333 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
334 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
335 (at your option) any later version.
336
337 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
338 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
339 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
340 GNU General Public License for more details.
341
342 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
343 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
344 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA</pre>
345
346<p>Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper
347mail.</p>
348
349<p>If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
350when it starts in an interactive mode:</p>
351
352<pre> Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author
353 Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
354 This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
355 under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.</pre>
356
357<p>The hypothetical commands &quot;show w&quot; and &quot;show c&quot; should show the appropriate
358parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may
359be called something other than &quot;show w&quot; and &quot;show c&quot;; they could even be
360mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.</p>
361
362<p>You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
363school, if any, to sign a &quot;copyright disclaimer&quot; for the program, if
364necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:</p>
365
366<pre> Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
367 `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
368
369 &lt;signature of Ty Coon&gt;, 1 April 1989
370 Ty Coon, President of Vice</pre>
371
372<p>This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
373proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
374consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
375library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
376Public License instead of this License.</p>
377
378
379
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